Project
Back to overview
An Agile Approach Towards Computational Modeling of Historiographical Uncertainty
English title |
An Agile Approach Towards Computational Modeling of Historiographical Uncertainty |
Applicant |
Piotrowski Michael
|
Number |
190306 |
Funding scheme |
Spark
|
Research institution |
Faculté des lettres Université de Lausanne
|
Institution of higher education |
University of Lausanne - LA |
Main discipline |
Information Technology |
Start/End |
01.02.2020 - 31.01.2021 |
Approved amount |
97'990.00 |
Show all
All Disciplines (2)
General history (without pre-and early history) |
Keywords (4)
Uncertainty; History; Formal modeling; Digital humanities
Lay Summary (German)
Lead
|
Digital humanities bezeichnet die untersuchung geisteswissenschaftlicher forschungsfragen unter verwendung informatischer modelle, um die möglichkeiten des computers für die geisteswissenschaften nutzbar zu machen. Ein zentrales problem dabei ist, dass praktisch alle untersuchten phänomene mit unsicherheit behaftet sind; insbesondere historische phänomene. Anders als bspw. messungenauigkeit kann sie aber nicht quantifiziert werden. Wie können wir unsicherheit informatisch modellieren, ohne sie quantifizieren zu müssen?
|
Lay summary
|
Inhalt und Ziel des Forschungsprojekts
Die informatische modellierung eines phänomens erfordert ein gutes verständnis desselben. Das projekt untersucht daher zunächst den traditionellen umgang mit unsicherheit, speziell historiografischer unsicherheit, d. h. mit unsicherheit in der bisher vorhandenen geschichtsschreibung: welche formen von unsicherheit tauchen auf und wie wird damit umgegangen? Unsere beobachtungen sollen in einer taxonomie resultieren, die in einem weiteren schritt als grundlage für eine weitergehende formalisierung dienen kann.
Wissenschaftlicher und gesellschaftlicher Kontext
Die digitale transformation ist weniger ein technische als eine gesellschaftliche und kulturelle revolution. Die geisteswissenschaften werden daher immer wichtiger, aber sie können ihre aufgaben nur erfüllen, wenn sie «agiler» werden und die möglichkeiten der informatik für sich nutzen; dies bedeutet insbesondere, dass sie in der lage sind informatische modelle ihrer forschungsgegenständ zu konstruieren, mit daten zu testen, sie früh zu publizieren und inkrementell zu verbessern – und damit auch den gedanken von open acces, open science und reproduzierbarkeit rechnung zu tragen.
|
Lay Summary (French)
Lead
|
Les humanités numériques désignent l’étude de questions de recherche en sciences humaines à l’aide de modèles computationnels afin de mettre les possibilités de l’ordinateur à la disposition des sciences humaines. Un problème central est que pratiquement tous les phénomènes étudiés sont sujets à l’incertitude, en particulier les phénomènes historiques. Contrairement à l’erreur de mesures, par exemple, ce genre d’incertitude ne peut pas être quantifié. Comment pouvons-nous modéliser formellement l’incertitude sans la quantifier??
|
Lay summary
|
Contenu et objectifs du travail de recherche
La modélisation computationnelle nécessite une bonne compréhension du phénomène que l’on vise à modéliser. C’est pourquoi le projet examine donc d’abord la manière traditionnelle de traiter l’incertitude, en particulier l’incertitude historiographique, c’est-à-dire l’incertitude dans l’historiographie existante : quelles formes d’incertitude trouve-t-on et comment sont-elles traitées ? Nos observations serviront à établir une taxonomie qui, dans une étape ultérieure, pourra servir de base à une formalisation plus stricte.
Contexte scientifique et social
La transformation numérique est moins une révolution technique qu’une révolution sociale et culturelle. Les sciences humaines deviennent donc de plus en plus importantes, mais pour qu’elles puissent remplir leur mission il est nécessaire qu’elles deviennent plus « agiles » et qu’elles soient capables de faire bon usage des possibilités que l’informatique offre pour leurs recherches. Cela signifie en particulier qu’elles doivent être capables de construire des modèles computationnels de leurs objets de recherche, de les tester avec des données, de les publier rapidement et de les améliorer progressivement et de prendre en compte les idées de l’open access, de l’open science et de la reproductibilité.
|
Responsible applicant and co-applicants
Employees
Publications
Fafinski Mateusz, Piotrowski Michael (2020), Modelling Medieval Vagueness, in
50. Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft für Informatik, KarlsruheGesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn.
Piotrowski Michael, Fafinski Mateusz (2020), Nothing New Under the Sun? Computational Humanities and the Methodology of History, in
CHR2020: Proceedings of the Workshop on Computational Humanities Research, Amsterdam171-181, CEUR Workshop Proceedings, Aachen171-181.
FafinskiMateusz, PiotrowskiMichael, Challenges for visualising spatial and chronological distribution of medieval manuscripts: towards a fuzzy ontology, in
Data for History 2020: Modelling Time, Places, Agents, BerlinTBD, TBD.
Datasets
Historical uncertainty in Gregory of Tours's History of the Franks (book 7)
Author |
Matthey, Axel; Fafinski, Mateusz; Piotrowski, Michael |
Publication date |
03.02.2021 |
Persistent Identifier (PID) |
10.5281/zenodo.4485881 |
Repository |
Zenodo
|
Abstract |
A small research dataset based on geographical and chronological uncertainties in the work of Gregory of Tours's *History of the Franks* (book 7). We used and modified an ontology of geographical and chronological uncertainty based on a rudimentary schema for historical sources.
Collaboration
Visual analytics research group at the University of Salamanca |
Spain (Europe) |
|
- in-depth/constructive exchanges on approaches, methods or results |
Research Group “Computerphilology,” University of Hamburg |
Germany (Europe) |
|
- in-depth/constructive exchanges on approaches, methods or results |
Scientific events
Active participation
Title |
Type of contribution |
Title of article or contribution |
Date |
Place |
Persons involved |
Communication with the public
Communication |
Title |
Media |
Place |
Year |
Associated projects
Number |
Title |
Start |
Funding scheme |
204305
|
Towards Computational Historiographical Modeling: Corpora and Concepts |
01.02.2022 |
Project funding (Div. I-III) |
Abstract
In today’s fast-changing world, the humanities are more important than ever-but they can meet their scholarly challenges and societal responsibilities only when they become more agile, to borrow a concept from software development. For the humanities to become more agile would mean to create explicit-ideally: computational-models, test them on data, publish them early for comments, and iteratively and incrementally improve them by integrating feedback from testing and other scholars. Publication includes providing access to underlying data to foster open access, open science, and reproducibility.Computational models play a central role in this transformation of the humanities and social sciences, and if the humanities want to tap the full potential of the computer-which lies in its use as an infinitely flexible modeling tool-they need to reflect on their discipline-specific modeling challenges and practices. The establishment of theoretical digital humanities is a prerequisite for and a part of this larger transformation of the humanities. It is the task of the theoretical digital humanities to develop, in close dialog with the humanities disciplines, modeling frameworks and methods that can specifically address these challenges.From a computational perspective, most of the knowledge the humanities are studying and producing is “uncertain”; for the most part, not “true” or “false” in a binary sense. We thus need to find ways to model this uncertainty in a way that allows us to use computers to handle uncertain knowledge, without having to quantify the unquantifiable. This is the long-term objective of this line of research.In the exploratory study proposed here, we specifically focus on historiographical uncertainty. As we only have limited information about the past, most historical information, as well as its interpretation, is to some extent uncertain and in need of interpretation. As a first step towards computational models of historiographical uncertainty, we propose to create a foundation in the form of a taxonomy. Our approach is as follows: we first devise an abstract analytical framework of historical narratives. We then use this framework to guide our detailed analysis of a historiographical case study that has a “high density” of uncertainty, as indicated by ongoing historiographical debates. In particular, we will (1) identify uncertainty, (2) analyze the locus of uncertainty in the narrative (which entities or relations are concerned?), and (3) examine its historiographical handling (e.g., what arguments or evidence is presented to support or refute a particular interpretation?).The project will thus have two main outcomes: First, the taxonomy developed in the project and documented in a white paper will constitute a systematic analysis of historiographical uncertainty with a specific view to its formal modeling. This way, the project will make an important contribution to theory formation and help to advance the digital humanities from project-specific, often ad-hoc, solutions to particular problems to a more general understanding of the issues at stake. Second, the application of the agile development process to the humanities will contribute to the methodological evolution of the humanities in the digital age.Together, the insights yielded by this project will form the foundation for the next step, to be taken in a follow-up project: the development and implementation of computational models, which can then be evaluated and further refined. In a larger sense, it is conducive to the development and establishment of theoretical digital humanities as a discipline and to the continued relevance of the humanities in the 21st century.
-