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Dedicated three-way catalyst for methane oxidation: design and understanding
English title |
Dedicated three-way catalyst for methane oxidation: design and understanding |
Applicant |
Ferri Davide
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Number |
175786 |
Funding scheme |
Project funding
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Research institution |
Paul Scherrer Institut
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Institution of higher education |
Paul Scherrer Institute - PSI |
Main discipline |
Physical Chemistry |
Start/End |
01.02.2018 - 31.10.2022 |
Approved amount |
307'964.00 |
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All Disciplines (2)
Keywords (8)
rhodium; natural gas; operando spectroscopy; oscillating redox conditions; palladium; synthesis; ceria-zirconia; three-way catalyst
Lay Summary (Italian)
Lead
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Il gas naturale e il biogas sono carburanti alternativi con un grande potenziale nel mercato svizzero, come dimostrato dal numero crescente e dalla distribuzione di stazioni di rifornimento e di veicoli in Svizzera e nei paesi limitrofi. Numerosi servizi pubblici e aziende private hanno già scelto di dotare la propria flotta di veicoli alimentati a gas naturale a causa del minore impatto ambientale. Tuttavia, le emissioni di metano derivanti dall'utilizzo del gas naturale come carburante devono essere controllate a causa del suo elevato potenziale di riscaldamento globale. Attualmente, i convertitori catalitici che vengono sfruttati per questo scopo sono essenzialmente adattati dalle controparti a benzina o a diesel e vengono dotati con aggiunta di metalli preziosi per migliorarne l’efficienza di abbattimento del metano.
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Lay summary
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Lo scopo di questo progetto di ricerca è di proporre un catalizzatore a tre vie dedicato all'abbattimento delle emissioni di gas naturale dai motori stechiometrici di veicoli passeggeri. L'ottimizzazione della composizione del catalizzatore verrà supportata da test del catalizzatore in condizioni di reazione simili a quelle sperimentate durante il suo funzionamento. I cambiamenti di composizione saranno completati dalla sperimentazione con tecniche di caratterizzazione avanzate volte a razionalizzare alcune delle funzionalità del materiale per l'ossidazione del metano. La conoscenza sui catalizzatori per i motori stechiometrici alimentati a gas naturale è limitata e per lo più estrapolata dalla combustione del metano e dal funzionamento a benzina. Possiamo contribuire allo sforzo generale di proteggere la nostra salute e preservare l'ambiente utilizzando questo carburante più ecologico rispetto a benzina e diesel proponendo un catalizzatore dedicato per il trattamento dei gas di scarico di veicoli commerciali leggeri e passeggeri a gas naturale. Lo sforzo di comprendere il catalizzatore e la funzione dei suoi componenti in condizioni simili a quelle sperimentate durante il funzionamento fornirà un feedback utile per la composizione del catalizzatore. Servirà inoltre a proporre raccomandazioni per la strategia di controllo del catalizzatore quando esso è incorporato nel veicolo.
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Employees
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Scientific events
Active participation
Title |
Type of contribution |
Title of article or contribution |
Date |
Place |
Persons involved |
11th International Conference on Environmental Catalysis (ICEC2020)
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Individual talk
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Beneficial effect of steam reforming of CH4 on NO removal on a three‐way catalyst under transient conditions
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06.09.2020
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online, Great Britain and Northern Ireland
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Ferri Davide; Roger Maneka;
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SCS Fall Meeting 2020
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Poster
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Beneficial effect of steam reforming of CH4 on NO removal on a three‐way catalyst under transient conditions
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25.08.2020
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online, Switzerland
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Roger Maneka; Ferri Davide;
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ETH‐ICAT workshop on catalysis
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Poster
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Ceria/zirconia for three‐way catalysis prepared by the polyol synthesis for natural gas vehicles applications
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10.09.2019
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Zurich, Switzerland
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Ferri Davide; Roger Maneka;
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SCS Fall Meeting 2019
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Poster
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Ceria/zirconia for three‐way catalysis prepared by the polyol synthesis for natural gas vehicles applications
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06.09.2019
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Zurich, Switzerland
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Ferri Davide; Roger Maneka; Testino Andrea;
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Summer school 'Catalysis: Fundamentals and Practice'
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Poster
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Polyol synthesis of ceria/zirconia oxides for methane oxidation for natural gas vehicles applications.
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15.07.2019
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Liverpool, Great Britain and Northern Ireland
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Roger Maneka;
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Abstract
The growing interest in natural gas and biogas as mid-term fuels with low carbon-footprint for passenger cars and commercial vehicles asks for the development of efficient catalytic converters to control emissions of its major component, methane, into the environment. The extensive available literature focuses on three-way catalysts (TWC) for gasoline, from which TWC for natural gas are adapted, and on catalysts for methane combustion. When TWC for natural gas are considered, they are predominantly commercial catalysts, suggesting that catalyst development targeting natural gas vehicles lags behind that of gasoline and diesel vehicles. In this project, we aim at performing a careful design of a palladium-based TWC for the control of methane emissions from natural gas vehicles powered by stoichiometric engines.The project is based on the synthesis of Pd-Al2O3-CeZrO4 (PdACZ) catalysts and their catalytic testing. We focus on Pd-only catalysts in order to specifically target the chemistry of methane abatement. Initially, an optimization of the catalyst composition (fixed Pd loading and Al2O3/CZ ratio) will be carried out by varying the Ce/Zr ratio to achieve optimal activity and stability under the operation conditions specific of a natural gas catalytic converter. ACZ supports in a wide range of Ce/Zr molar content will be prepared. The catalytic activity of washcoated monoliths will be evaluated under fluctuating feeds in which the O2 concentration is varied symmetrically around a mean air-to-fuel ratio in the rich regime. Further compositional variation will be performed on the catalyst to achieve the lowest possible lightoff for methane oxidation after hydrothermal ageing at 1000°C. This optimization aims at improving catalyst activity and stability, and it involves among others addition of promoters for Al2O3 and CZ and of a second metal (Rh to improve NO abatement efficiency; Pt for thermal stability). The influence of every change of composition on the chemistry of methane oxidation will be addressed so that we will obtain an in-depth understanding of the chemical processes and how they are related to the material structure and composition.Finally, some aspects of the TWC chemistry involved in methane oxidation will be explored using advanced characterization methods, e.g. synchrotron based methods in order to obtain insights into the structural changes from the perspective of the metal(s), of the oxygen storage component (Ce), of the promoter(s) and of phase compositional changes induced by the oscillatory redox conditions. The effects of Rh and of the ACZ composition on the NO reduction efficiency and on the oxygen storage capacity of CZ, respectively, will be specifically addressed. The project is a multidisciplinary one, in the sense that it implies synthesis work, characterization using advanced physico-chemical methods and synchrotron radiation, material aspects and determination of catalytic activity.
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