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Frustration in Quantum and Classical Magnets

English title Frustration in Quantum and Classical Magnets
Applicant Rüegg Christian
Number 162626
Funding scheme Project funding (Div. I-III)
Research institution Paul Scherrer Institut
Institution of higher education Paul Scherrer Institute - PSI
Main discipline Condensed Matter Physics
Start/End 01.12.2015 - 30.11.2018
Approved amount 386'014.00
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Keywords (7)

Magnetism; Frustration; Spin ice; Magnetic order; Magnetic excitations; Neutron scattering; Polarisation analysis

Lay Summary (German)

Lead
In gewissen Magneten mit speziellen geometrischen Anordnungen der magnetischen Ionen können nicht alle Wechselwirkungen gleichzeitig optimiert werden. In solchen sogenannten frustrierten Magneten treten dann einige der faszinierendsten Phänomene auf, die im Moment in der Festkörperphysik z.B. mit Hilfe der Neutronenstreuung untersucht werden. In diesem Projekt werden hochpräzise Messungen der magnetischen Eigenschaften von frustrierten Magneten gemacht und mit neuen theoretischen Vorhersagen verglichen. Man hofft dabei diese komplexen Vorgänge der Natur besser beschreiben, verstehen und optimieren zu können, um diese später auch in technologischen Anwendungen auszunutzen.
Lay summary

Magnetische Materialien, in denen Ionen mit grossen magnetischen Moment auf Pyrochlorgittern angeordnet sind, sind von speziell grossem wissenschaftlichen Interesse. In diesen Materialien bilden die Moment einen magnetischen Zustand, der dem von Wassereis sehr ähnlich ist und deshalb Spineis genannt wird. In solchen System werden wir die Anregungen, sogenannte magnetische Monopole, mittels Neutronenspektroskopie untersucht. Diese zeigen magnetoelastischen Charakter und sind wahrscheinlich für weitere hochinteressante Effekte dieser Magneten verantwortliche wie z.B. den thermischen Halleffekt.

Das Diamantgitter in Materialien mit Spinellstruktur zeigt auch starke Frustrationseffekte, falls die magnetischen Ionen nicht nur mit ihrem direkten Nachbarn sondern auch über grössere Distanzen wechselwirken. Im zweiten Teilprojekt versucht man nun das magnetische Verhalten solcher Spinellmagneten gezielt durch Anlegen von Druck zu kontrollieren und deren magnetischen Grundzustand in der Nähe von quantenkritischen Punkten zu schalten. Weiter können Materialien mit dieser Kristallstruktur auch Spineis bilden sofern die magnetischen Ionen die benötigten Eigenschaften haben. Diese Seltene-Erd-Spinell-Materialien sind weitgehend unbekannt und werden das erste Mal im Detail untersucht.
Direct link to Lay Summary Last update: 29.11.2015

Responsible applicant and co-applicants

Employees

Publications

Publication
Multiple Coulomb phase in the fluoride pyrochlore CsNiCrF6
Fennell T., Harris M. J., Calder S., Ruminy M., Boehm M., Steffens P., Lemée-Cailleau M.-H., Zaharko O., Cervellino A., Bramwell S. T. (2019), Multiple Coulomb phase in the fluoride pyrochlore CsNiCrF6, in Nature Physics, 15(1), 60-66.
Pauling Entropy, Metastability, and Equilibrium in Dy2Ti2O7 Spin Ice
Giblin S. R., Twengström M., Bovo L., Ruminy M., Bartkowiak M., Manuel P., Andresen J. C., Prabhakaran D., Balakrishnan G., Pomjakushina E., Paulsen C., Lhotel E., Keller L., Frontzek M., Capelli S. C., Zaharko O., McClarty P. A., Bramwell S. T., Henelius P., Fennell T. (2018), Pauling Entropy, Metastability, and Equilibrium in Dy2Ti2O7 Spin Ice, in Physical Review Letters, 121(6), 067202-067202.
Manifolds of magnetic ordered states and excitations in the almost Heisenberg pyrochlore antiferromagnet MgCr2O4
Gao S., Guratinder K., Stuhr U., White J. S., Mansson M., Roessli B., Fennell T., Tsurkan V., Loidl A., Ciomaga Hatnean M., Balakrishnan G., Raymond S., Chapon L., Garlea V. O., Savici A. T., Cervellino A., Bombardi A., Chernyshov D., Rüegg Ch., Haraldsen J. T., Zaharko O. (2018), Manifolds of magnetic ordered states and excitations in the almost Heisenberg pyrochlore antiferromagnet MgCr2O4, in Physical Review B, 97(13), 134430-134430.
Dipolar Spin Ice States with a Fast Monopole Hopping Rate in CdEr2X4 ( X=Se , S)
Gao Shang, Zaharko O., Tsurkan V., Prodan L., Riordan E., Lago J., Fåk B., Wildes A. R., Koza M. M., Ritter C., Fouquet P., Keller L., Canévet E., Medarde M., Blomgren J., Johansson C., Giblin S. R., Vrtnik S., Luzar J., Loidl A., Rüegg Ch., Fennell T. (2018), Dipolar Spin Ice States with a Fast Monopole Hopping Rate in CdEr2X4 ( X=Se , S), in Physical Review Letters, 120(13), 137201-137201.
Spiral spin-liquid and the emergence of a vortex-like state in MnSc2S4
S. Gao, O. Zaharko, V. Tsurkan, Y. Su, J. S. White, G. S. Tucker, B. Roessli, F. Bourdarot, R. SIbille, D. Chernyshov, T. Fennell, A. Loidl, Ch Ruegg (2017), Spiral spin-liquid and the emergence of a vortex-like state in MnSc2S4, in Nature Physics, 13, 157.

Collaboration

Group / person Country
Types of collaboration
Prof. P. C. W. Holdsworth, ENS Lyon France (Europe)
- in-depth/constructive exchanges on approaches, methods or results
- Publication
- Exchange of personnel
Prof. V. Tsurkan, Universität Augsburg Germany (Europe)
- in-depth/constructive exchanges on approaches, methods or results
- Publication
- Research Infrastructure
Dr. D. Prabhakaran, Oxford University Great Britain and Northern Ireland (Europe)
- in-depth/constructive exchanges on approaches, methods or results
- Publication
- Research Infrastructure
Prof. D.F. McMorrow, London Centre for Nanotechnology Great Britain and Northern Ireland (Europe)
- in-depth/constructive exchanges on approaches, methods or results
- Publication
Prof. P. Henelius, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) Sweden (Europe)
- in-depth/constructive exchanges on approaches, methods or results
- Publication
- Exchange of personnel
Prof. R. Coldea, Oxford Univeristy Great Britain and Northern Ireland (Europe)
- in-depth/constructive exchanges on approaches, methods or results
- Publication
Prof. M. Kenzelmann, Laboratory for Development of Methods (PSI) Switzerland (Europe)
- in-depth/constructive exchanges on approaches, methods or results
- Publication
Prof. S. Bramwell, London Centre for Nanotechnology Great Britain and Northern Ireland (Europe)
- in-depth/constructive exchanges on approaches, methods or results
- Publication

Scientific events

Active participation

Title Type of contribution Title of article or contribution Date Place Persons involved
Condensed Matter Seminar MPI-PKS Individual talk Spin-orbital singlet, spiral spin-liquid and novel vortex states studied by neutrons and photons 31.01.2019 Dresden, Germany Rüegg Christian;
PSI Condensed Matter Retreat 2018 Talk given at a conference Supercritical Crossover in Kagome Ice 13.11.2018 Dubendorf, Switzerland Turrini Alexandra;
PSI Condensed Matter Retreat 2018 Poster Quest for quantum Heisenberg antiferromagnet in spinel chalcogenide CdYb2Se4 13.11.2018 Dubendorf, Switzerland Kaur Guratinder;
Magnetism Matters Talk given at a conference Multiple Coulomb phase in the fluoride pyrochlore CsNiCrF6 10.10.2018 Grenoble, France Fennell Tom;
International Conference on Magnetism 2018 Talk given at a conference Spin-orbital singlet, spiral spin-liquid and novel vortex states in magnets with spinel structure 15.07.2018 San Francisco, United States of America Rüegg Christian;
Highly Frustrated Magnetism 2018 Talk given at a conference Multiple Coulomb phase in the fluoride pyrochlore CsNiCrF6 09.07.2018 Davis, United States of America Fennell Tom;
Highly Frustrated Magnetism 2018 Poster Supercritical crossover in Kagome Ice 09.07.2018 Davis, United States of America Turrini Alexandra;
Workshop on Quantum Magnetism Individual talk Spin-orbital singlet, spiral spin-liquid and novel vortex states in magnets with spinel structure 06.07.2018 Toulouse, France Rüegg Christian;
Highly Frustrated Magnetism 2018 Poster Quest for a quantum Heisenberg antiferromagnet in the spinel CdYb2Se4 09.05.2018 Davis, United States of America Kaur Guratinder;
IOP-PSI Workshop Talk given at a conference Spin-orbital singlet, spiral spin-liquid and novel vortex states in magnets with spinel structure 08.05.2018 Brugg, Switzerland Rüegg Christian;
March Meeting of the American Physical Society 2018 Talk given at a conference Investigation of a Vibron Bound State in the pyrochlore Tb2Ti2O7 05.03.2018 Los Angeles, United States of America Turrini Alexandra;
Seminar Individual talk Microscopic Aspects of spin dynamics in spin ices 07.12.2017 CNRS, Grenoble, France, France Fennell Tom;
Seminar on Unconventional Magnetism Individual talk Microscopic aspects of spin dynamics in spin ices 07.12.2017 CNRS, Grenoble, France Fennell Tom;
PSI Condensed Matter Retreat 2017 Talk given at a conference Tunable Algebraic Correlations and the Kasteleyn Transition on a 2D Kagome Lattice 15.11.2017 Windisch, Switzerland Turrini Alexandra;
24th congress and general assembly of IUCr Talk given at a conference Unconventional spin correlations in MnSc2S4 21.08.2017 Hyderabad, India Rüegg Christian; Fennell Tom; Gao Shang; Zaharko Oksana;
PNCMI2016 Talk given at a conference Correlations and excitations in the magnetoelastic spin-liquid state of the rare earth pyrochlore Tb2Ti2O7 04.07.2017 Friesing, Germany Fennell Tom;
PSI FOKO Poster day Poster Spin Correlations in the kagome ice phase of Ho2Ti2O7 03.07.2017 PSI, Switzerland Turrini Alexandra;
International Workshop on Quantum Spin Ice Talk given at a conference Dipolar spin ice states with fast monopole hopping in the spinels CdEr2X4 (X=Se,S) 06.06.2017 Waterloo, Canada Fennell Tom; Rüegg Christian; Gao Shang; Zaharko Oksana;
20th anniversary of SINQ Talk given at a conference Neutron scattering study of frustrated spinels 18.04.2017 PSI Villigen, Switzerland Rüegg Christian; Fennell Tom; Gao Shang;
March Meeting of the American Physical Society 2017 Talk given at a conference Tunable Algebraic Correlations and the Kasteleyn Transition on a 2D Kagome Lattice 13.03.2017 New Orleans, United States of America Turrini Alexandra;
PSI theory group seminar Individual talk Frustrated magnetism in diamond lattice antiferromagnet MnSc2S4 07.02.2017 PSI Villigen, Switzerland Gao Shang; Rüegg Christian; Zaharko Oksana; Fennell Tom;
PSI Condensed Matter Retreat Poster Magnetoelastic modes and the thermal Hall Effect in Tb2Ti2O7 15.11.2016 Windisch, Switzerland Turrini Alexandra;
PSI-IOP workshop Talk given at a conference Spiral spin-liquid and the emergence of a vortex-like state in MnSc2S4 31.10.2016 Beijing, China Rüegg Christian; Fennell Tom; Zaharko Oksana; Gao Shang;
Joint Workshop JCNS and Flipper Talk given at a conference Spiral spin-liquid and the emergence of a vortex-like state in MnSc2S4 03.10.2016 Tutzing, Germany Rüegg Christian; Fennell Tom; Gao Shang; Zaharko Oksana;
NGSCES2016 Talk given at a conference Magnetoelastic excitations in the rare earth pyrochlore Tb2Ti2O7 26.09.2016 ICTP, Trieste, Italy Fennell Tom;
NGSCES2016 Poster Magnetoelastic modes and the thermal Hall Effect in Tb2Ti2O7 26.09.2016 ICTP, Trieste, Italy Turrini Alexandra;
NGSCES2016 Talk given at a conference Spin ice and spin liquid 26.09.2016 ICTP, Trieste, Italy Fennell Tom;
Highly Frustrated Magnetism 2016 Talk given at a conference Spin-phonon interactions in the R2Ti2O7 (R=Tb, Dy, Ho) pyrochlores... 07.09.2016 Taipei, Taiwan Fennell Tom;
8th International Conference on Highly Frustrated Magnetism Poster Spiral spin-liquid and the emergence of a vortex-like state in MnSc2S4 07.09.2016 Taipei, Taiwan Zaharko Oksana; Gao Shang; Rüegg Christian; Fennell Tom;
Highly Frustrated Magnetism 2016 Poster Spin Correlations in the kagome ice phase of Ho2Ti2O7 07.09.2016 Taipei, Taiwan Turrini Alexandra;
8th International Conference on Highly Frustrated Magnetism Poster Spin Ice Physics in CdEr2X4 (X= Se, S) spinels 07.09.2016 Taipei, Taiwan Fennell Tom; Zaharko Oksana; Rüegg Christian; Gao Shang;
Trends in Theory of Correlated Materials Poster Understanding the unusual spin excitations in MgCr2O4 22.05.2016 PSI Villigen, Switzerland Fennell Tom; Zaharko Oksana; Gao Shang;
International Conference on Strongly Correlated Electron Systems Poster Spin ice physics in the new spinel material CdEr2Se4 08.05.2016 Hangzhou, China Gao Shang; Rüegg Christian; Fennell Tom;
PSI Condensed Matter Theory Seminar Individual talk Quantum Spin Ice 26.04.2016 PSI, Switzerland Fennell Tom;
Workshop on Neutron Scattering to study Magnetic, Multiferroic and Superconducting Materials (WNS 2016) Individual talk Frustrated magnetism in diamond lattice antiferromagnet MnSc2S4 10.02.2016 Bariloce, Argentina Gao Shang; Fennell Tom; Zaharko Oksana; Rüegg Christian;


Communication with the public

Communication Title Media Place Year
Media relations: print media, online media Spin Correlations in Frustrated Spinels Swiss Neutron News International 2019
Media relations: print media, online media Spiral spin-liquid and the emergence of a vortex-like state in MnSc2S4 SINQ Highlight International 2017
Media relations: print media, online media interview physicsworld International 2016
Media relations: print media, online media Spin liquids show order in chaos FRM2 Highlight International 2016

Awards

Title Year
Young Scientist Prize of the Swiss Neutron Science Society 2018

Associated projects

Number Title Start Funding scheme
141962 Mott Physics Beyond the Heisenberg Model in Iridates and Related Materials 01.01.2013 Sinergia
144972 High efficiency neutron spectrometer optimized for investigations under extreme conditions 01.01.2014 R'EQUIP
182536 New structures and dynamics emerging from frustration 01.12.2018 Project funding (Div. I-III)
152734 Spin-liquid and spin-ice states in frustrated rare-earth and transition metal spinels 01.04.2014 SCOPES
140862 Quantum Frustration in Model Magnets 01.07.2012 Project funding (Div. I-III)
170760 High-field THz source for pump-probe experiments at SwissFEL 01.11.2017 R'EQUIP
177005 Novel Sample Environment for the µSR Spectrometer FLAME 01.11.2018 R'EQUIP
170773 A new high efficiency two-dimensional neutron detector for the cold-neutron diffractometer DMC at SINQ 01.11.2017 R'EQUIP
150257 Dimensional and Anisotropy Control of Model Quantum Magnets 01.01.2014 Project funding (Div. I-III)
150713 ZEBRA - a new neutron single-crystal diffractometer optimized for small samples and extreme conditions 01.11.2014 R'EQUIP

Abstract

Frustration between quantum or classical spins in magnets causes a plethora of fascinating phenomena ranging from new realisations of spin ice to the formation of novel many-body quantum ground states. Here we continue our broad and successful experimental project on frustrated magnets with two PhD students. We focus our activities on two specific classes of materials: spinel and pyrochlore lattices of quantum and classical spins.
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