excuse; reason; norm; action; practical; epistemic; ascription; knowledge; rationality
Vollet Jacques-Henri, Belkoniene Miloud (2017), Certitude, in
L'encyclopédie philosophique, 1.
Vollet Jacques-Henri (2016), Connaissance, expertise, fiabilité, in Chevalier Jean-Marie et Gaultier Benoit (ed.), Collège de France, Paris, 1-5.
Vollet Jacques-Henri (2016),
Raison, Encyclo-Philo, Encylo-Philo.
Vollet Jacques-Henri (2016), Rationalité, réflexion, action, in Chevalier Jean-Marie et Gaultier Benoit (ed.), Collège de France, Paris, 1-16.
My research project aims at clarifying the connection between knowledge and practicalreality, by inquiring into the role of practical factors in both knowledge ascriptions andepistemic assessments of actions. The way in which we ascribe knowledge andevaluate actions suggests that practical factors, such as the cost of error, are in somesense relevant to knowledge. For instance, suppose a trustworthy person tells mesomething true -- that a needle is safe. If I believe it, it seems proper to say that I knowit. But suppose that you are a surgeon and it is very important not to be wrong. In thatcase it seems that you should check, which suggests that you do no really know.Further, it seems that, in your situation, more evidence is required in order for you tobe rational to take this fact for granted.My general aim is to show that practical factors are actually not interestingly relevantto knowledge, but that knowledge is relevant to rational action: it is rational to takesomething for granted in your action if and only if you know it. My first objective is togive an account of our intuitions in this framework. My second objective is to defendthis idea by considering the distinction between rationality and excuse. My thirdobjective is to find an account of knowledge that motivates this connection betweenknowledge and practical rationality.