Electronic surface transport; Fluctuation phenomena; Unconventional superconductivity; Many-body physics; Two-dimensional electron gasses; Thermoelectrics; Strongly correlated electrons; Quantum criticality
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Materials have long played an important role in the history of mankind. Nowadays, we even categorize some historical periods (stone, iron and bronze age) after the materials that were used. Last century’s physicists developed concepts that allowed harnessing silicon to a degree where computer chips became commercially available. This was the start of an industrial revolution that has dramatically changed the way we live and work. Over the past decades, it has become increasingly clear that there exists a large class of materials / metals, so-called strongly correlated electron systems, that can not be understood by last century’s condensed matter concepts. Similarly a large group of so-called unconventional superconductors have been discovered. Harnessing these materials may have the same impact as silicon had in the last century. Quantum computing, data & energy storage and green technologies are among the sectors that will benefit from progress in material science. This project is concerned with condensed matter phenomena that go beyond established concepts. Fluctuations of superconductivity are a central theme of this research initiative. In particular fluctuations of unconventional superconductivity with strong electron interactions will be investigated. This is an important topic that runs across several physics disciplines such as high-temperature superconductivity, ultra-cold atoms, helium in confined geometries, and particle physics. The study of superconducting fluctuations is intimately linked to one of the most outstanding mysteries of condensed matter physics: namely the problem of high-temperature superconductivity that stands unsolved for more than 25 years.Experimental research in the field of condensed matter physics is, very generally, based on established methods and at the same time on developments of new techniques. This research proposal embodies both aspects. One sub-project uses an established method (Nernst effect) to attack the problem of superconducting fluctuations. The second sub-project on the other hand seeks to develop new types of experiments to enable studies of surface transport experiments.The department of physics at the university of Zurich is going host this project. Two PhD students will be educated through this project and they will be trained in state-of-art instrumentation besides getting a profound insight into the forefront research themes of condensed matter physics. The project diversifies and complements existing research activities in the field of materials with novel electronic properties that already exist in Switzerland.