Backscatter Measurements; Humidity Measurements; Cirrus Modelling; Western Pacific Warm Pool; Stratospheric Water Vapor; Climate Impact
Brunamonti S., Füzér L., Jorge T., Poltera Y., Oelsner P., Meier S., Dirksen R., Naja M., Fadnavis S., Karmacharya J., Wienhold F. G., Luo B. P., Wernli H., Peter T. (2019), Water Vapor in the Asian Summer Monsoon Anticyclone: Comparison of Balloon‐Borne Measurements and ECMWF Data, in
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2018JD0300-2018JD0300.
Brunamonti Simone, Jorge Teresa, Oelsner Peter, Hanumanthu Sreeharsha, Singh Bhupendra B., Kumar K. Ravi, Sonbawne Sunil, Meier Susanne, Singh Deepak, Wienhold Frank G., Luo Bei Ping, Böttcher Maxi, Poltera Yann, Jauhiainen Hannu, Kayastha Rijan, Dirksen Ruud, Naja Manish, Rex Markus, Fadnavis Suvarna, Peter Thomas (2018), Balloon-borne measurements of temperature, water vapor, ozone and aerosol backscatter on the southern slopes of the Himalayas during StratoClim 2016-2017, in
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions, 1-38.
Water vapor trends in the stratosphere are not well understood despite their recognized importance in the Earth’s radiation budget and air chemistry. To understand the evolution and distribution of stratospheric humidity the Pacific warm pool deserves special attention, as it is a key region for air entry into the stratosphere. Notwithstanding growing knowledge from satellite observations and increasing global model capabilities, our understanding of the dehydration processes remains limited due to lack of spatial resolution of the observations, incomplete knowledge of microphysical processes and their sometimes inadequate representation in models. This calls for detailed field studies in the Pacific warm pool region as laid out in the BATTREX (BAlloonsonde Tropical TRopopause EXperiment) proposal submitted to the US NSF in June 2012 (see appendix), suggesting two extensive balloon field campaigns to be performed by an international consortium from the US, Chile, Japan, the UK, and Switzerland. The campaigns will be located at Manus Island (Papua New Guinea) in the maritime continent, taking place in Jan/Feb and June/July 2014. This study aims to - characterize the temporal, horizontal and vertical structure of atmospheric waves from balloonsonde temperature, wind and tracer data, - measure distributions of water vapor, ozone and aerosols and clouds by means of highest quality, light-weight sonde instrumentation,- determine the impact seasonal and intra-seasonal TTL variability with respect to temperature and water vapor from intense observation phases in two seasons,- characterize the aerosol-cloud-meteorology interactions from microphysical modeling applied to cooling air masses including small-scale temperature fluctuations, (dT/dt)ss ,- systematically constrain processes responsible for supersaturations in and around cirrus, - provide a basis for suitable parameterizations for (dT/dt)ss and microphysics for implementation in global climate models. This is work in a notoriously difficult (with respect to temperature and humidity) and hardly accessible environment. We have previously developed a Compact Optical Backscatter AerosoL Detector (COBALD), which is a lightweight sonde for accurate measurements of aerosol and cloud backscatter. COBALD has become an essential complement to high quality measurements of atmospheric water vapor, used in a number of international collaborations. Within the US component of BATTREX funding is included for 42 COBALD sondes to be built and supplied by ETH. We intend to strengthen this collaboration by participating in the field campaign, joint science meetings, launch preparation, sharing of the wealth of expected radio-sonde data, and contributing a strong modeling component. Our group has a high expertise regarding the analysis and modeling of the sonde data. We will contribute microphysical box and column modeling of cloud processes along air particle trajectories using the Zurich Optical and Microphysical Model (ZOMM) and the Physical Ascent Model for Sounding balloons (PAMS), constraining waves and vertical wind fluctuations by means of the sonde GPS data.