Project

Discipline

Carbon cycle; Carbon Dioxide; Water cycle; Jungfraujoch; water isotopes; mass independent fractionation; Stratospheric Tropospheric Exchange

Lead
Lay summary
). Solche Isotopenbestimmungen stellen einen zusätzlichen Indikator für diese Quellenzuordnung dar. Vorstudien zu Variationen der Wasserdampfisotope werden auf dem Jungfraujoch durchgeführt werden. Das Ziel dabei ist, die Variabilität der Wasserdampfisotopen auf Wolkenbildungshöhe zu charakterisieren.2 Variationen wesentlich geringer sind. Diese kontinuierlichen Konzentrationsmessungen werden durch diskrete Flaschenmessungen kontrolliert und mit weiteren Messungen ergänzt (Isotopenbestimmungen an CO2 Variationen auf die verschiedenen Quellen erlaubt. Es geht in dieser Studie jetzt darum herauszufinden, ob dies auch auf dem Jungfraujoch gelingt, wo die CO2. Messungen in Bern haben gezeigt, dass diese Methodik eine Aufteilung der CO2 pro mol CO2. Der Austausch mit der Biosphäre hat ein Verhältnis von ungefähr 1.1 mol O2 pro mol CO2 zu erhalten, für den heutigen globalen fossilen Brennstoffmix allerdings nur ungefähr 1.4 mol O2 um 1 mol CO2) prozessabhängig sind. So braucht es für die Methanverbrennung (Erdgas) 2 mol O2/CO2 gebraucht wird. Durch die gleichzeitige Messungen beider Konzentrationen können Aussagen über die Herkunft des CO2 gemacht werden, da deren Verhältnisse (O2, O2) ist von Interesse, da bei der Verbrennung von fossilen Brennstoffen zu CO2 auf dem Jungfraujoch durchzuführen. Insbesondere die Sauerstoff Konzentration (O2. Diese Studie hat das Hauptziel Messungen von assozierten Variablen zu CO2 Konzentration in der Atmosphäre ergibt eine Erhöhung der Erdtemperatur über die Treibhausgas-Wirkung von CO2) in der Atmosphäre. Diese zunehmende CO2Der wachsende Verbrauch von fossilen Brennstoffträgern führt zu einer Zunahme des Kohlendioxids (CO

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Last update: 21.02.2013

Active participation

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Number	Title	Start	Funding scheme

Preamble: The project “Carbon Cycle Research at Jungfraujoch” (SNF 200021_124932) started on 1st April 2009 with duration of three years. In response to the advertisement of the granted PhD position, 10 applications were received. The position was offered to Abhijit Chougule from India in summer 2009. Unfortunately, he resigned one month before the agreed starting date. Based on a second advertisement, the PhD position was offered to Alessandro Cedrino from Italy. He started on the 1st of April 2010. Due to personal reasons (care of his grandparents) he resigned after one week of work. Based on these unexpected circumstances, the PI asked the SNF (letter 11th May 2010) for a rearrangement of the funding to maintain the measurements at Jungfraujoch. This request was fulfilled (letter 27th May 2010), however with a shortened duration of the project until the 31st of March 2011. This requires a new proposal submission for its continuation by 1st October 2010. The present proposal is based on the current status of the ongoing project as well as extended testing of the PICARRO G1102-I instrument.Climate change is driven primarily by carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel consumption and land use changes. During the last decade a small CO2 monitoring network was developed in Europe. A comparison between model estimates and network data have clearly identified two shortcomings: (i) More high resolution data are required supplemented with related tracers such as CO, CH4, O2, Ar and corresponding isotopes to improve the partitioning of measured CO2 variations into either oceanic, biospheric or anthropogenic contributions. (ii) Transport modelling is a major limitation for an exact explanation of CO2 variations. This proposal is oriented to these issues by addressing two topics that are closely linked, i.e. A) Measurements of carbon dioxide and associated tracers and B) Tracing Stratosphere Troposphere Exchange (STE) by water isotope measurements. CO2 measurements at Jungfraujoch that commenced in late 2000 will be complemented by associated tracers as mentioned above. Particular focus will be given to (1) continuous O2 measurements, to (2) discrete analyses on flask samplings for Ar/N2 ratios and for isotope compositions on CO2 and to (3) the major air components. Questions related to these measurements are: How variable is the carbon oxidation ratio based on measurements from Jungfraujoch? What are the dominating processes driving the observed CO2 and O2 variations as monitored at Jungfraujoch; are they more biosphere or ocean related? What is the origin of inter-annual variation for CO2 and O2? How do CO2 and O2 trends compare to other sites over longer time periods (decades)?Isotope measurements of discrete precipitation (rain/snow) as well as on water vapour samples from Jungfraujoch will be performed using a new water-to-oxygen conversion device available at the Climate and Environmental Physics Division of the Physics Institute of the University of Bern. Emphasis will be on deviations among the oxygen isotopes (?17O) due to mass-independent fractionation processes. These discrete samplings will be complemented by continuous observations of the water isotopes of all water phases (water vapour + water droplets + ice crystals) using state-of-the-art inlet systems available at Jungfraujoch combined with efficient detection based on wavelength scanned cavity ring down laser spectroscopy. Burning questions that will be addressed are: Is it possible to detect small changes in ?17O at Jungfraujoch? If so, are these variations in agreement with stratospheric air intrusions as estimated from ozone levels or potential vorticity criteria? Do isotope data from the high-elevation site Jungfraujoch differ from those of the Swiss National Network for the Observation of Isotopes in the water cycle run by the host division?Both topics naturally extend the paleoclimate related research performed at the Climate and Environmental Physics division. The first topic allows us to compare today's atmospheric CO2 variations from a unique observational site with those reconstructed from ice cores, and the second topic is closely linked to our long-term involvement in water cycle research.This proposal seeks financial support for part of the research done at Jungfraujoch by the group of Prof. Leuenberger from the Division of Climate and Environmental Physics. Monitoring of CO2 concentrations at Jungfraujoch is not part of this budget since long term financial support was granted by the federal government through GCOS Schweiz in 2010.