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The search for supersymmetric particles is one of the most important endeavours at the LHC. Colored supersymmetric particles, i.e. squarks and gluinos will be copiously produced at the LHC provided their masses range below about 2 TeV. In order to determine their properties experimentally, final-state cascade decays into leptons, jets and missing energy due to the escaping lightest supersymmetric particle have to be investigated. Invariant mass distributions of several combinations of the leptons and jets develop kinematical boundaries due to intermediate supersymmetric particles as sleptons or gauginos within the cascade decay chain. These edges are highly sensitive to relations between the supersymmetric masses and thus serve as observables for precision measurements which allow to unravel the underlying supersymmetric model. Moreover, angular and energy distributions of the final-state particles are significantly affected by spin correlations between the supersymmetric particles. Experimental studies are based on leading order calculations in perturbation theory so far. These develop sizable theoretical uncertainties. In order to reduce them calculations at next-to-leading order and beyond are needed.The topic of this work is the systematic calculation of the supersymmetric QCD corrections to the final-state distributions of the cascade decays of squarks and gluinos which are sensitive to the mass parameters and spin quantum numbers of the primary and intermediate supersymmetric particles as e.g. the gauginos and sleptons in addition to the squarks and gluinos. The outcome will have a significant impact on the accuracy of the extracted supersymmetric parameters which are needed to pin down the underlying model.