Project

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Digital New Testament studies : Mark 16 as a test case of a new research model

Applicant Clivaz Claire
Number 179755
Funding scheme PRIMA
Research institution Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics University of Lausanne
Institution of higher education Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics - SIB
Main discipline Religious studies, Theology
Start/End 01.10.2018 - 30.09.2023
Approved amount 1'564'516.00
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Keywords (6)

History; Gospel of Mark; New Testament; Textual Criticism; Digital Humanities; Variant

Lay Summary (French)

Lead
MARK16 propose un nouveau modèle de recherche en sciences humaines digitalisées, basé sur l’exemple test du dernier chapitre de l’Evangile selon Marc, dans le Nouveau Testament. Pour renouveler la recherche sur ce chapitre, il souhaite créer un environnement virtuel de recherche (VRE), lieu de référence pour la critique textuelle et l’exégèse de Marc 16.
Lay summary

MARK16 est le premier environnement virtuel de recherche (VRE) qui  soit consacré à un sujet d’étude en sciences bibliques, et inaugure un nouveau modèle de recherche pour les sciences humaines digitalisées: https://mark16.sib.swiss. Le sujet choisi est une énigme bien connue de la critique textuelle du Nouveau Testament : certains manuscrits ne comportent pas de récit d’apparition de Jésus ressuscité à la fin de l’Evangile selon Marc. MARK16 souhaite devienir un lieu de référence pour la recherche sur Marc 16, qui permette de représenter « l’histoire des vainqueurs et des vaincus », selon l’expression de l’historien François Hartog. Il sert de base à l'exploration de l'hypothèse du PI : l'Evangile selon Marc avait une autre fin perdue ou détruite, avant celles transmises par les attestations manuscrites du 4ème siècle; la complexité de la tradition manuscrite démontre les tensions historiques à l'oeuvre entre les différents courants du christianisme au 1er siècle de notre ère.

Le VRE MARK16 est divisé en quatre parties. La première, la “Manuscript Room”, accueille une sélection de manuscrits grecs et en d'autres langues qui revêtent une importance particulière pour Mark 16, en collaboration avec la NTVMR (Münster). La seconde partie, “Interpretations”, met en évidence la voix des chercheurs quant à leurs interprétations de Mark 16, via l'usage d'un nouveau modèle de publication multimodal, l'eTalk. La troisième partie, “Material”, fournit les références au matériel de la recherche et ce matériel lui-même en libre accès lorsque c'est possible, des productions imprimées à celles audio-visuelles ou multimodales. La dernière partie, “Data Visualisation”, proposera une représentation géographico-temporelle des manuscrits et données de la recherche, en collaboration avec le project DH Pelagios.

Le projet est accompagné par un comité scientifique international composé de Leif Isaksen, Jennifer Knust, Valérie Nicolet, Laurent Romary, Joseph Verheyden et Peter Williams. L'équipe de MARK16 est composée de Claire Clivaz (PI), Mina Monier, Sara Schulthess et un software developer.
Direct link to Lay Summary Last update: 08.06.2020

Lay Summary (English)

Lead
MARK16 develops a new research model in digitized biblical sciences, based on a test case found in the New Testament: the last chapter of the Gospel according to Mark. The goal of the project is to produce new research results on Mk 16 and to create a virtual research environment, that will be the outputs website for textual criticism and exegesis of Mark 16.
Lay summary

MARK16 is the first virtual research environment (VRE) focused on a biblical chapter and it inaugurates a new research model for the digitized Humanities: https://mark16.sib.swiss. The chosen topic is a famous enigma in New Testament studies: certain manuscript evidences do not transmit an apparition of the resurrected Jesus at the end of the Gospel according to Mark. This VRE wishes to become a reference place for research on Mark 16, allowing to visualize the «story of the winners and the losers», according to the French historian François Hartog’s expression. It provides the basis to explore the PI hypothesis: the Gospel according to Mark had a previous ending, lost or destroyed, before the endings transmitted from the 4th century by the manuscripts evidences; the complexity of the textual variants shows historically the tensions existing between Christian trends at the 1st century C.E. 

MARK16 VRE is divided in four parts. The first one, the “Manuscript Room”, will welcome a selection of Greek and other languages manuscripts of particular importance or interest for Mark 16, in collaboration with the NTVMR (Münster). The second part, “Interpretations”, gives voice to the scholars about their interpretations of Mark 16, through an innovative multimodal publishing format, the eTalk. The third part, “Material” provides references to the research material, including the open access material itself when available, from printed material to audio-visual and multimodal publications. The last part “Data Visualisation” will propose a geographical-time based representation of the manuscripts and research data, in collaboration with the DH project Pelagios.

The project is supported by an international advisory board: Leif Isaksen, Jennifer Knust, Valérie Nicolet, Laurent Romary, Joseph Verheyden and Peter Williams. The MARK16 team is composed by Claire Clivaz (PI), Mina Monier, Sara Schulthess and a software developer.
Direct link to Lay Summary Last update: 08.06.2020

Responsible applicant and co-applicants

Employees

Publications

Publication
Ancient Manuscripts and Virtual Research Environments
Clivaz Claire, Allen Garrick (ed.) (2021), Ancient Manuscripts and Virtual Research Environments, Center for Hellenistic Studies, Washington DC.
Introduction: Ancient Manuscripts and Virtual Research Environments
Clivaz Claire, Allen Garrick (2021), Introduction: Ancient Manuscripts and Virtual Research Environments, in Classics@, 18, np-np.
Mk 16 im Codex Bobbiensis. Neue Materialien zur conclusio brevior des Markusevangeliums
Clivaz Claire (2021), Mk 16 im Codex Bobbiensis. Neue Materialien zur conclusio brevior des Markusevangeliums, in Zeitschrift für Neues Testament, 24(47), 59-85.
MARK16 as Virtual Research Environment. Challenges and Opportunities in New Testament Studies
Clivaz Claire, Monier Mina, Barda Jonathan (2021), MARK16 as Virtual Research Environment. Challenges and Opportunities in New Testament Studies, in Ancient Manuscripts and Virtual Research Environments, Washginton DC 18, Center for Hellenistic Studies, Washington DC 18.
Report of Conference: Ancient Manuscripts and Virtual Research Environments. Lausanne 10-11 September 2020
Clivaz Claire, Allen Garrick (2020), Report of Conference: Ancient Manuscripts and Virtual Research Environments. Lausanne 10-11 September 2020, in COMSt Bulletin, 6(2), 205-208.
Le Nouveau Testament numérique, un Novum Instrumentum omne?
Clivaz Claire (2020), Le Nouveau Testament numérique, un Novum Instrumentum omne?, in Foir et Vie. Cahiers biblique, 2020(November), 4-11.
New Testament and Digital Humanities
Clivaz Claire (2020), New Testament and Digital Humanities, in Verkündigung und Forschung, 65(2), 98-104.
Lire la Bible à l'ère du numérique: entre contraintes et nouveaux horizons
Clivaz Claire (2020), Lire la Bible à l'ère du numérique: entre contraintes et nouveaux horizons, in Lumen Vitae, LXXV(2), 167-177.
Looking at Scribal Practices in the Endings of Mark 16
Clivaz Claire (2020), Looking at Scribal Practices in the Endings of Mark 16, in HENOCH, 42(2), 373-387.
MARK16 (Virtual Research Environment)
Clivaz Claire, MonierMina, NuryElisa, BardaJonathan (2020), MARK16 (Virtual Research Environment), DH+, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, CH.
Der Markusschluss: Narratologie und Traditiongeschichte, written by Andreas Seifert
Clivaz Claire (2019), Der Markusschluss: Narratologie und Traditiongeschichte, written by Andreas Seifert, in Novum Testamentum, 62(1), 107-108.
GA 304, Theophylact's Commentary and the Ending of Mark
Monier Mina (2019), GA 304, Theophylact's Commentary and the Ending of Mark, in Filología Neotestamentaria, 32, 95-106.
The Impact of Digital Research: Thinking about the MARK16 Project
Clivaz Claire (2019), The Impact of Digital Research: Thinking about the MARK16 Project, in Open Theology, 5(1), 1-12.
Returning to Mark 16,8: What's new?
Clivaz Claire (2019), Returning to Mark 16,8: What's new?, in ETHL, 4(2019), 645-659.
Mark’s Ending in the Digital Age: Paratextual Evidence, New Findings and Transcription Challenges
Monier Mina, Mark’s Ending in the Digital Age: Paratextual Evidence, New Findings and Transcription Challenges, in Postscripts: The Journal of Sacred Texts, Cultural Histories, and Contemporary Contexts.

Datasets

eTalk Mark16 and Digital Humanities

Author Clivaz, Claire
Publication date 30.10.2018
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/11280/b1638bb8
Repository Nakala
Abstract
This eTalk presents the main lines of a 5 years Swiss National Foundation PRIMA project, MARK16. Available on https://mark16.sib.swiss.

eTalk Marc 16 et les humanités numériques

Author Clivaz, Claire
Publication date 20.12.2018
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/11280/ca257a35
Repository Nakala
Abstract
Cet eTalk présente les axes pincipaux d’un projet de recherche subventionné par une bourse PRIMA du Fonds National Suisse, MARK16. Disponible sur https://mark16.sib.swiss.

eTalk: GA 304 and the Ending of the Gospel of Mark

Author Monier, Mina
Publication date 25.05.2019
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/11280/e7fa7106
Repository Nakala
Abstract
This eTalk surveys what we know and what we can see in Mark 16 the interesting manuscript GA 304. Available on https://mark16.sib.swiss.

eTalk: Looking at some Mk 16 manuscripts, including Latin codex k

Author Clivaz, Claire
Publication date 20.11.2019
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/11280/54ccbc30
Repository Nakala
Abstract
This eTalk shows that reading Mark 16 manuscripts can still reveal new elements, as in the case of nine items this eTalk surveys, ranging between the fifth and thirteenth centuries. Available on https://mark16.sib.swiss.

eTalk: Mark 16 in the Arabic Diatessaron

Author Monier, Mina
Publication date 06.01.2020
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/11280/e3ab505f
Repository Nakala
Abstract
This eTalk sheds light on the presentation of Mark 16 in the Arabic manuscripts of the Diatessaron, in comparison with other surviving translations of the Diatessaron. Available on https://mark16.sib.swiss.

eTalk: Parcourir quelques manuscrits de Marc 16, dont le codex latin k

Author Clivaz, Claire
Publication date 27.01.2020
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/11280/04b78df8
Repository Nakala
Abstract
Cet eTalk passe en revue neuf témoins différents de la fin de l’évangile sélon Marc, et atteste de la perdurance, à travers les siècles, de la diversité des lectures de Marc 16. Disponible sur https://mark16.sib.swiss; plus d'informations.

Software eTalk-docker2020

Author Dugied, Jean-Bernard; Clivaz, Claire
Publication date 12.03.2020
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/11280/f14e2504
Repository Nakala
Abstract
Licence GPULv.3. The eTalk, a multimedia editing tool, is the result of collaborative and transdisciplinary work. It is part of a new form of multimodal digital literacy, while respecting the standards of scientific publishing. It is quotable entirely in details through a share button. The first version of the eTalks code has been developed in 2012-2015 by Frédéric Kaplan and Cyril Bornet (EPFL, CH), in collaboration with Claire Clivaz (Unil, CH), and is available on Github: https://github.com/OZWE/etalk This new version of the code has been developed by Martial Sankar and Claire Clivaz, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 2016-2019, https://github.com/cclivaz/etalk-docker. A course to build your own eTalk is available in the DARIAH platform #dariahTeach (teach.dariah.eu), in the course on Multimodal Literacies: https://teach.dariah.eu/course/view.php?id=24§ion=3 This version of the software has been integrated to SIB GitHub for the SNSF project MARK16.

GA 03 page 1303

Author INTF (Münster),
Publication date 30.03.2020
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/11280/1d77ee0b
Repository Nakala
Abstract
GA 03 (Vat. gr. 1209 or Codex Vaticanus or Codex B) page 1303; transcription, TEI/XML and HTML encoding by the INTF (Münster)

arb 2 f.74v

Author Schulthess, Sara
Publication date 20.05.2020
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/11280/684978f3
Repository Nakala
Abstract
arb 2 f. 74v (or Vat. ar. 13); transcription and TEI/XML encoding by Sara Schulthess with HTML encoding collaboration by Mina Monier (SNSF MARK16)

GA 1 f.220r and f.220v

Author Monier, Mina; Wasserman, Tommy
Publication date 17.06.2020
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/11280/e795e203
Repository Nakala
Abstract
GA 1 (ULB AN IV 2) f.220r and f.220v; transcription by Mina Monier (SNSF MARK16) and Tommy Wasserman (Ansgar Teologiske Høgskole/University College, Sweden); TEI/XML and HTML encoding reworked from the INTF (Münster) version by Mina Monier.

sa 393var

Author Emmenegger, Gregor
Publication date 20.02.2020
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/11280/76f6a40d
Repository Nakala
Abstract
sa 393var (Coptic Amulet Ät 2006.8); transcription and French translation by Gregor Emmenegger (University of Freiburg, CH); TEI/XML and HTML encoding by Mina Monier (SNSF MARK16)

GA 304 f.240r, f.240v and f.241r

Author Monier, Mina
Publication date 09.03.2020
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/11280/0eb228ed
Repository Nakala
Abstract
GA 304 (BNF Gr. 194) f.240r, f.240v and f.241r; transcription, TEI/XML and HTML encoding and English translation by Mina Monier (SNSF MARK16)

GA 1230 f.146v, f.147r, f.147v and f.148r

Author Monier, Mina
Publication date 15.05.2020
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/11280/9506e5dc
Repository Nakala
Abstract
GA 1230 (Sinai Gr. 193) f.146v, f.147r, f.147v and f.148r; transcription, TEI/XML encoding and HTML by Mina Monier (SNSF MARK16)

VL 1 f.40r, f.40v and f.41r

Author Monier, Mina; Clivaz, Claire
Publication date 07.08.2020
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/11280/d49ec78a
Repository Nakala
Abstract
VL 1 (Codex Bobbiensis or G.VII.15 or Codex k) f.40r, f.40v and f.41r; transcription by Mina Monier and Claire Clivaz (SNSF MARK16); TEI/XML and HTML encoding by Mina Monier. The transcription is partly based on the original manuscript and John Wordsworth, W. Sanday and H. White, Portions of the Gospels according to St. Mark and St. Matthew from the Bobbio Ms. K (Clarendon Press, 1886), 22-23.

eTalk on Gospel Women and the Long Ending of Mark

Author Lyons-Pardue, Kara J.
Publication date 10.09.2020
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/11280/711beda9
Repository Nakala
Abstract
This eTalk presents Kara J. Lyons-Pardue hypotheses on the Long Mark ending. It highlights the role of the women in this Mark endings. It is a 16 minutes summary of a 2020 published book by T&T Clark. This eTalk is available on https://mark16.sib.swiss

sa 9 f. 59v and f.60r

Author Schröder, Katharina D.; Richter, Siegfried G.
Publication date 14.01.2021
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/10.34847/nkl.6f83096n
Repository Nakala
Abstract
sa 9 (MLM MS M.569) f.59v and f.60r; transcription, English and German translation by Katharina D. Schröder and Siegfried G. Richter (University of Münster, DE); TEI/XML and HTML encoding by Mina Monier (SNSF MARK16) and the INTF (University of Münster, DE).

sa 14L f. 4r, f.4v, f.5r and f.5v

Author Schröder, Katharina D.; Richter, Siegfried G.
Publication date 14.01.2021
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/10.34847/nkl.3410m8px
Repository Nakala
Abstract
sa 14L (Hs. 615) f. 4r, 4v, 5r and 5v; transcription, English and German by Katharina D. Schröder and Siegfried G. Richter (University of Münster, DE); TEI/XML and HTML encoding by Mina Monier (SNSF MARK16)

GA 579 f.69v, f.70r and f.70v

Author INTF (Münster),; Monier, Mina
Publication date 14.12.2020
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/11280/aae91e3f
Repository Nakala
Abstract
GA 579 (BNF Gr. 97) f. 69v, f.70r and f.70v; transcription in TEI/XML and HTML by the INTF (Münster); f. 70r has been reworked by Mina Monier (SNSF MARK16)

Eth 1 f.68r, f.68v and f.69r

Author Labadie, Damien
Publication date 18.01.2021
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/10.34847/nkl.f87asw9i
Repository Nakala
Abstract
Eth 1 (BL Or. 509) f.68r, f.68v and f.69r; transcription, English and French translations by Damien Labadie (CNRS); TEI/XML and HTML encoding by Mina Monier (SNSF MARK16)

Eth 2 f.100v, f.101r, f.101v and f.102r

Author Labadie, Damien
Publication date 17.01.2021
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/10.34847/nkl.540bgjjd
Repository Nakala
Abstract
Eth 2 (BNF Eth. 32) f.100v, f.101r, f.101v and f.102r; transcription, English and French translations by Damien Labadie (CNRS); TEI/XML and HTML encoding by Mina Monier (SNSF MARK16)

GA 2937 f.93r, f.93v, f.94r, f.94v and f.95r

Author Monier, Mina
Publication date 20.07.2021
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/11280/e55e51a5
Repository Nakala
Abstract
GA 2937 (GOP MS 122), f.93r, f.93v, f.94r, f.94v and f.95r; TEI/XML and HTML transcription and English HTML translation by Mina Monier (SNSF project MARK16)

GA 019 f.112v, f.113r, f.113v and f.114r

Author INTF (Münster),; Monier, Mina
Publication date 30.09.2019
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/11280/4242f209
Repository Nakala
Abstract
GA 019 (BNF Gr. 62 or Codex Regius) f.112v, f.113r, f.113v and f.114r; transcription TEI/XML and HTML by the INTF (University of Münster, DE); f.113r has been reworked by Mina Monier (SNSF MARK16)

L 1602 f.2r, f.2v, f.3r, f.3v and f.4r

Author Monier, Mina
Publication date 04.08.2020
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/11280/99d3b2ea
Repository Nakala
Abstract
L 1602 (Hs. 615) f.2r, f.2v, f.3r, f.3v and f.4r; transcription in XML and HTML by Mina Monier (SNSF MARK16)

eTalk Le Dieu du jeune homme nu. Lectures de l'évangile de Marc

Author Combet-Galland, Corina
Publication date 17.01.2021
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/10.34847/nkl.e0e90lra
Repository Nakala
Abstract
Set de données de l'eTalk qui présente la soutenance de thèse de Corina Combet-Galland, le 9 octobre 1998 à l'Université de Neuchâtel, Suisse. Cette soutenance orale illustre une traversée sémiotique de l'Evangile selon Marc, où la finale en 16,8 joue un rôle particulier. Le texte de la thèse est disponible sur HAL et référencé dans les métadonnées. Cet eTalk a été produit en collaboration avec Claire Clivaz, dans le cadre du projet FNS MARK16. Il est disponible sur https://mark16.sib.swiss

New elements on Mark's shorter ending in Codex Bobbiensis and beyond

Author Clivaz, Claire
Publication date 21.10.2020
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/11280/dc8c7c4f
Repository Nakala
Abstract
Friday 16th October 2020, 5.30pm (CET time) - Online, Duke NT colloquia. This lecture presents the Swiss National Science Foundation MARK16 project (2018-2023), with its first results and its virtual research environment, https://mark16.sib.swiss. Secondly, it will summarize the main results of a forthcoming ZNT 2021 article about the Latin Codex Bobiensis, or Codex k, or VL 1, or G.VII.15. Of ambiguous reputation, this manuscript ends Mark with a shorter ending slightly different from the Greek one, with a puzzling expression et qui cum puero erant - “and those who were with the boy”. The MARK16 project has chosen to transcribe this expression by et qui cum puero erant, whereas its editing presents et qui cum Petro erant, as the lecture will argue. Last but not least, the enquiry highlights an alternative tradition, present in some versions of the shorter ending: Peter’s companions - and not the women - are reporting briefly instructions before the final apparition of Jesus himself. This finding fosters further the inquiry about Mark endings, by drawing the scholarly attention to VL 1, a manuscript contemporaneous of GA 01 and GA 03.

Slav 1 f. 128r and f.128v

Author Morozov, Alexey; Labadie, Damien
Publication date 03.02.2021
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/10.34847/nkl.cc57xr9
Repository Nakala
Abstract
Slav 1 (NLR Glag. 1) f. 128r and 128v; transcription, English and French translations by Damien Labadie (CNRS) and Alexey Morozov (University of Fribourg, CH); TEI/XML and HTML encoding by Mina Monier (SNSF MARK16)

GA 274 f.103v, f.104r and f.104v

Author Monier, Mina
Publication date 02.08.2021
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/10.34847/nkl.7fdcvw5z
Repository Nakala
Abstract
GA 274 (BNF Supp. Gr. 79) f.103v, 104r and 104v; transcription in XML and HTML by Mina Monier (SNSF MARK16)

GA 2 f.117v, f.118r and f.118v

Author Monier, Mina
Publication date 30.11.2020
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/10.34847/nkl.41643ld6
Repository Nakala
Abstract
GA 2 (ULB AN IV 1), f. 117v, f.118r and f.118v transcription (TEI/XML and HTML) by Mina Monier (SNSF MARK16)

GA 04 f.151v and f.148r

Author INTF (Münster),
Publication date 02.07.2020
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/11280/fd73c95e
Repository Nakala
Abstract
GA 04 (BNF Gr. 9 or Codex Ephraemi or Codex C), f.151v and f.148r; transcription, TEI/XML and HTML encoding by the INTF (Münster)

GA 1210 f.104v, f.105r and f.105v

Author Monier, Mina
Publication date 04.08.2020
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/11280/10361034
Repository Nakala
Abstract
GA 1210 (Sinai Gr. 173) f. 104v, f.105r and f.105v; transcription, TEI/XML and HTML encoding by Mina Monier (SNSF MARK 16)

GA 1192 f.128r, f.128v and f.129r

Author Monier, Mina
Publication date 04.08.2020
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/
Repository Nakala
Abstract
GA 1192 (Sinai Gr. 155) f.128r, f.128v and f.129r; transcription, TEI/XML and HTML encoding by Mina Monier (SNSF MARK16)

GA 02 f.42r and f.42v

Author INTF (Münster),
Publication date 02.07.2020
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/11280/0091fbae
Repository Nakala
Abstract
GA 02 (Codex Alexandrinus or BL Royal MS 1 D VIII), f. 42r and f.42v, TEI/XML and HTML transcription by the INTF (University of Münster, DE). In the British Library Royal MS 1 D VIII, these folios are 18r and 18v

GA 083 page 70 and page 71

Author INTF (Münster),
Publication date 02.07.2020
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/11280/aed3c04e
Repository Nakala
Abstract
GA 083 (Sinai Frag. Smith Lewis 08) page 70 and page 71 (frag. 2ap and 2cp); transcription, TEI/XML and HTML encoding by the INTF (Münster).

GA 888 f. 230v, f.231r and f.231v

Author Monier, Mina
Publication date 04.08.2020
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/11280/f936e1cc
Repository Nakala
Abstract
GA 888 (Marciana Gr. Z. 26 (=340) f. 230v, f.231r and f.231v; transcription, TEI/XML and HTML encoding, and English translation by Mina Monier (SNSF project MARK16)

GA 01 f. 227v and f. 228r

Author INTF (Münster),; Monier, Mina
Publication date 15.05.2020
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/11280/97f4cc8a
Repository Nakala
Abstract
GA 01 (BL Add. MS 43725) f. 227v. col. 4 and f. 228r; Mina Monier for f.227v col 4 (SNSF MARK16); INTF (University of Münster, DE) for f.228r.

GA 099 page 161 and page 162

Author Horner, Georg William
Publication date 01.03.2021
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/10.34847/nkl.d3d1coro
Repository Nakala
Abstract
GA 099 (BNF Copte 129 (8), page 161 and page 162 (f.162v and f.162r); transcription of George William Horner (1911, Clarendon Press, public domain); TEI/XML and HTML encoding by Mina Monier (SNSF project MARK16). Greek biblical text in Coptic characters.

GA 2604 f.176v, f.177r, f.177v and f.178r

Author Royle, Anthony; Allen, Garrick
Publication date 18.02.2021
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/10.34847/nkl.cfac1n0c
Repository Nakala
Abstract
GA 2604 (CBL W 139) f.176v., f.177r, f.177v and f.178r; transcription by Anthony Royle and Garrick Allen (Glasgow University, Paratextual Understanding Templeton Religion Trust project); TEI/XML and HTML encoding by Mina Monier (SNSF MARK16)

arb 3, page 115 and page 116

Author Monier, Mina
Publication date 03.02.2021
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/10.34847/nkl.ba7e19yf
Repository Nakala
Abstract
arb 3 (Cod. 2 or Codex Pandeli), page 115 and page 116; transcription, TEI/XML and HTML encoding, and English translation by Mina Monier (SNSF MARK16)

Eth 3 f. 179r, f. 179v, f. 180r and f. 180v

Author Labadie, Damien
Publication date 10.02.2021
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/10.34847/nkl.daba634n
Repository Nakala
Abstract
Eth 3 (EMML 1832) f.179r, f.179v, f.180r, f. 180v; transcription, English and French translations by Damien Labadie (CNRS); TEI/XML and HTML encoding by Mina Monier (SNSF MARK16)

GA 05 f.346v, f.347r, f.347v, f.348r and f.348v

Author INTF (Münster),; IGNTP,
Publication date 01.03.2020
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/10.34847/nkl.5508o345
Repository Nakala
Abstract
GA 05 (Cambridge University Library Nn.2.41 or Codex Bezae or Codex D) f.176v., f.177r, f.177v and f.178r; transcription by the INTF (Münster) and the IGNTP; TEI/XML and HTML encoding by the INTF (Münster) and Mina Monier (SNSF MARK16).

GA 800 f.104v, f.105r and f.105v

Author Skarka, Zachary; Monier, Mina
Publication date 28.02.2021
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/10.34847/nkl.cb56206p
Repository Nakala
Abstract
GA 800 (EBE 65) f.104v, f. 105r and f.105v; transcription by Zachary Skarka (CSNTM & University of Birmingham) and Mina Monier (SNSF MARK16); TEI/XML and HTML encoding by Mina Monier.

GA 2386 f. 92v

Author Monier, Mina
Publication date 03.08.2020
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/10.34847/nkl.77c36ef8
Repository Nakala
Abstract
GA 2386 (MML MS M.748) f.92v ; transcription, TEI/XML and HTML encoding by Mina Monier (SNSF MARK16).

GA 1420 f. 47r and f. 47v

Author Monier, Mina
Publication date 01.10.2020
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/10.34847/nkl.442azp39
Repository Nakala
Abstract
GA 1420 (ULB AN IV 5a) f.47r and f.47v ; transcription, TEI/XML and HTML encoding by Mina Monier (SNSF MARK16).

GA 032 page 369, page 370, page 371 and page 372

Author INTF (Münster),
Publication date 04.05.2020
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/10.34847/nkl.4ffaz7d0
Repository Nakala
Abstract
GA 032 (Codex Washington F1906.274) page 369, page 370, page 371 and page 372; transcription and TEI/XML encoding by the INTF (Münster).

GA 033 f.109v

Author Monier, Mina
Publication date 02.12.2019
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://nakala.fr/10.34847/nkl.e1e1j658
Repository Nakala
Abstract
GA 033 (LMU Cim. 16), f. 109v; transcription, TEI/XML and HTML encoding by Mina Monier (SNSF project MARK16).

GA 044 f. 14r, f.14v and f.15r

Author INTF (Münster),
Publication date 02.03.2020
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/10.34847/nkl.e69b110o
Repository Nakala
Abstract
GA 044 (Codex ψ or Lavra B.52) f.14r, f.14v and f.15r; transcription and TEI/XML encoding by the INTF (Münster).

Got 1 f.187r, f.187v, f.188r, f.188v

Author Falluomini, Carla
Publication date 20.04.2021
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/10.34847/nkl.3068hb8i
Repository Nakala
Abstract
Got 1 (Codex Argenteus or DG 1 + s.n.) f.187r, f.187v, f.188r and f. 188v; transcription by Carla Falluomini (University of Perugia, IT); French and English translations by Carla Falluomini reusing previous versions with permissions; TEI/XML and HTML encoding by Mina Monier (SNSF project MARK16).

syS f. 23v

Author Brock, Sebastian
Publication date 14.04.2021
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/10.34847/nkl.a46c8kd3
Repository Nakala
Abstract
syS (Sinai Syr. 30) f. 23v; transcription and English translation by Sebastian Brock (University of Oxford, UK); TEI/XML and HTML encoding by Mina Monier (SNSF project MARK16).

syC f. 39v

Author Taylor, David
Publication date 10.05.2021
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/10.34847/nkl.2dfa3k8i
Repository Nakala
Abstract
syC (BL Add. MS 14451) f.39r; transcription and English translation by David Taylor (University of Oxford, UK); TEI/XML and HTML encoding by Mina Monier (SNSF project MARK16).

sa 366 f.814r and f.814v (top fragment)

Author Boud'hors, Anne
Publication date 10.05.2021
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/10.34847/nkl.602289z8
Repository Nakala
Abstract
sa 366 (P.Duk.inv. 814) f.814r and f.814v (top fragment); transcription and French translation by Anne Boud'hors (IRHT, FR); TEI/XML and HTML encoding by Mina Monier (SNSF project MARK16).

syH4 f.80r and f.80v

Author Frey, Albert; Schulthess, Sara
Publication date 10.06.2021
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/10.34847/nkl.0eedelvl
Repository Nakala
Abstract
syH4 (Vat. sir. 268) f.80r and f.80v; transcription and English translation by Albert Frey (University of Lausanne) and Sara Schulthess (SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics); TEI/XML and HTML encoding by Mina Monier (SNSF project MARK16).

Eth 4 f.168v, f.169r, f.169v and f. 170r

Author Labadie, Damien
Publication date 14.06.2021
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/10.34847/nkl.afbci193
Repository Nakala
Abstract
Eth 4 (NALE 28) f.168v, f.169r, f.169v and f. 170r transcription, English and French translations by Damien Labadie (CNRS); TEI/XML and HTML encoding by Mina Monier (SNSF MARK16).

geo 2 f.269r, f.269v and f.270r

Author Outtier, Bernard
Publication date 21.06.2021
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/10.34847/nkl.aea2yhd5
Repository Nakala
Abstract
geo 2 (Mestia 478 or კ-82 or Adysh Gospels), f.269r, f.269v and f.270r; transcription and French translation by Bernard Outtier (CNRS, Paris); TEI/XML and HTML encoding by Mina Monier (SNSF project MARK16).

sa 474, f.26hr and f.26hv

Author Boud'hors, Anne; Torallas-Tovar, Sofia
Publication date 16.08.2021
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/10.34847/nkl.04dbyiri
Repository Nakala
Abstract
sa 474 (BNF Copte 161(4), f.26hr and f.26hv; transcription and French translation by Anne Boud'hors (IRHT, FR); English translation by Sofia Torallas-Tovar (University of Chicago, USA); TEI/XML and HTML encoding by Mina Monier (SNSF project MARK16).

VL 16 p.87, p.88 and p.91

Author Nury, Elisa
Publication date 24.08.2021
Persistent Identifier (PID) https://doi.org/10.34847/nkl.0a12ue14
Repository Nakala
Abstract
VL 16 (Codex Sang. 1394) p.87, p.88 and p. 91; transcription, TEI/XML and HTML encoding by Elisa Nury. The transcription is partly based on the original manuscript and John Wordsworth, W. Sanday and H. White, Portions of the Gospels according to St. Mark and St. Matthew [...] (Clarendon Press, 1886), p. 72 and 74.

Collaboration

Group / person Country
Types of collaboration
Huma-Num (Paris) France (Europe)
- in-depth/constructive exchanges on approaches, methods or results
- Research Infrastructure
Pelagios Commons project, Exeter University Great Britain and Northern Ireland (Europe)
- in-depth/constructive exchanges on approaches, methods or results
- Research Infrastructure
Department of Religious Studies, Duke University United States of America (North America)
- in-depth/constructive exchanges on approaches, methods or results
Faculty of Theology and Religious Studies (KU Leuven) Belgium (Europe)
- in-depth/constructive exchanges on approaches, methods or results
H2020 GO::TRIPLE (OPERAS) France (Europe)
- Research Infrastructure
Institut de théologie protestante de Paris France (Europe)
- in-depth/constructive exchanges on approaches, methods or results
NTVMR (INTF, Münster) Germany (Europe)
- in-depth/constructive exchanges on approaches, methods or results
- Research Infrastructure
Tyndale House, Cambridge Great Britain and Northern Ireland (Europe)
- in-depth/constructive exchanges on approaches, methods or results

Scientific events

Active participation

Title Type of contribution Title of article or contribution Date Place Persons involved
Lectio 10th anniversary Conference: Imagine the future of pre-modern intellectual history, 1st June 2021 Talk given at a conference From Manuscripts to Performance: The New Testament Editing and Transmission in the Digital Culture 01.06.2021 Online, Belgium Clivaz Claire;
Rencontres Huma-Num 2021, 25 mai 2021 Talk given at a conference Le FNS MARK16: un exemple d'interaction entre recherche fondamentale et la gestion des données sur Nakala 25.05.2021 En ligne, France Clivaz Claire;
Online lecture for the Biblical seminar of the University of Leuven (BE), 23 April 2021 Talk given at a conference The Conlusio Brevior of the Gospel according to Mark: A Neglected Point in Research 23.04.2021 Leuven (online), Belgium Clivaz Claire;
IIIF Fall Working meeting 1-3 December 2020 Talk given at a conference The MARK16 Manuscript Room API 01.12.2020 Online, United States of America Barda Jonathan; Clivaz Claire;
Duke NT colloquia online lecture - 16 October 2020 Talk given at a conference The digital SNSF project MARK16: new elements on Mark’s shorter ending in Codex Bobiensis and beyond 16.10.2020 Duke University (online), United States of America Clivaz Claire;
Virtual Research Environments and Ancient Manuscripts, 11 September 2020 Talk given at a conference Mark16 as a VRE- challenges and opportunities in New Testament Studies 11.09.2020 Online, Switzerland Barda Jonathan; Clivaz Claire; Monier Mina;
SIB DAYS 2020 - 10 June 2020 Poster Open Science and Humanities Research Data Management 10.06.2020 Virtual conference online, Switzerland Barda Jonathan; Schulthess Sara; Monier Mina; Clivaz Claire;
IGNTP online seminar - 14 May 2020 Talk given at a conference Mark 16 and the codex k (Bobiensis): what are the mistakes at stake? 14.05.2020 Online, international conference, Switzerland Clivaz Claire;
Humanités globales, un programme de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - 16 January 2020 Talk given at a conference Définir les Humanités par la recherche. Les exemples des projets FNS HumaReC et MARK16 16.01.2020 Paris, ENS, France Clivaz Claire;
Rencontre annuelle de l'AELAC à Bex, 10-11 janvier 2020 Talk given at a conference The Arabic Diatessaron and Codex Bezae: The Case of Mark’s Long Ending 10.01.2020 Bex, Switzerland Monier Mina;
Rencontre annuelle de l'AELAC à Bex, 10-11 janvier 2020 Talk given at a conference Du nouveau sur l’énigme de Mc 16. De l’importance de pouvoir consulter les manuscrits du Nouveau Testament en ligne 10.01.2020 Bex, Switzerland Clivaz Claire;
Sharing the Experience: Workflows for the Digital Humanities [DARIAH-CH], 5-6 Dec 2019 Neuchâtel Talk given at a conference Revisiting Classic Textual Problems Using Digital Tools: The Case of Mark 16 05.12.2019 University of Neuchâtel, Switzerland Monier Mina;
Society of Biblical Literature, annual meeting - 24 Novembre 2019 Talk given at a conference Enlightening the Diversity of Scholarly Opinions on Multimodal Material : Mark 16 as Test-case 24.11.2019 San Diego, United States of America Clivaz Claire;
Society of Biblical Literature, international meeting - 4 July 2019 Talk given at a conference The Enigma of Mark 16: The Role of Contemplating Greek Manuscript Evidence Online 04.07.2019 Rome, Italy Clivaz Claire;
SIB seminars - 24 January 2019 Individual talk Digital Humanities +: Towards digitized Humanities 24.01.2019 Lausanne, SIB, Dorigny, Switzerland Clivaz Claire; Sankar Martial;
DARIAH-CH DESIR workshop - 29 November 2018 Poster MARK16 PRIMA SNF project. Digital New Testament Studies 29.11.2018 Université de Neuchâtel, Switzerland Clivaz Claire; Sankar Martial;
Textual plurality in the Bible 7 Novembre 2018 Talk given at a conference Mk 16,8 and the manuscripts evidence : listen to the scribal voices 05.11.2018 Paris, Centre Sèvres, France Clivaz Claire;
Annual meeting of the Swiss Society of Theology - 4 October 2018 Talk given at a conference Digital Humanities: towards religions outside the book(s)? 04.10.2018 Zurich, Switzerland Clivaz Claire;


Self-organised

Title Date Place
Virtual Research Environments and Ancient Manuscripts, 10-11 September 2020 10.09.2020 Online (from Lausanne, SIB), Switzerland

Knowledge transfer events

Active participation

Title Type of contribution Date Place Persons involved
Online master course on Bible and canon, organized by the IPT, Paris Talk 22.01.2021 Paris, France Clivaz Claire;
The enigma of Mark 16 endings (bachelor online course) Talk 16.12.2020 Online course, Denmark Clivaz Claire;
Découvrir les humanités numériques (cours master) Talk 02.10.2018 Paris, IPT, France Clivaz Claire;


Communication with the public

Communication Title Media Place Year
New media (web, blogs, podcasts, news feeds etc.) Corina Combet-Galland: Le Dieu du jeune homme nu. Lectures de l'évangile de Marc eTalk International 2021
Talks/events/exhibitions Des religions du livre? Faire face à la culture numérique. Rotary club Lausanne, en ligne, 12.02.21 Western Switzerland 2021
New media (web, blogs, podcasts, news feeds etc.) Kara J. Lyons-Pardue: eTalk on Gospel Women and the Long Ending of Mark eTalk International 2020
New media (web, blogs, podcasts, news feeds etc.) Mark 16 in the Arabic Diatessaron eTalk on institutional website International 2020
New media (web, blogs, podcasts, news feeds etc.) Parcourir quelques manuscrits de Marc 16, dont le codex latin k eTalk on insititutional website International 2020
Media relations: print media, online media Sortir du silence : lire l’évangile de Marc en Afrique vers 400 Evangile et Liberté n°339 International 2020
New media (web, blogs, podcasts, news feeds etc.) GA 304 and the Ending of the Gospel according to Mark eTalk International 2019
New media (web, blogs, podcasts, news feeds etc.) INTF blog on MARK16 INTF, Münster International 2019
Media relations: print media, online media Ist Gott in der grossen Datenwolke zu finden? – Digital-Theologin Claire Clivaz Luzerner Zeitung German-speaking Switzerland 2019
New media (web, blogs, podcasts, news feeds etc.) Looking at some Mark 16 manuscripts, including Latin codex k Institutional SIB website International 2019
Media relations: radio, television Rencontre avec Claire Clivaz une specialiste de la culture digitale et du Nouveau Testament La Première, RTS, CQFD Western Switzerland International 2019
Media relations: print media, online media The digital theologian Horizon magazine German-speaking Switzerland Western Switzerland International 2019
Media relations: print media, online media L'ère digitale rend toute son oralité à la Bible Journal Réformés Western Switzerland 2018
New media (web, blogs, podcasts, news feeds etc.) Marc 16 et les humanités numériques eTalk on SIB institutional website International 2018
New media (web, blogs, podcasts, news feeds etc.) MARK16 and Digital Humanities eTalk on SIB instituitonal website International 2018

Abstract

In 2000, the French historian François Hartog explored the possibility of writing history from the point of view of both the losers and the winners. In principle, within a Virtual Research Environment (VRE), Digital Humanities research provides several skills worth discussing from diverse points of view. Paper writing material is more constrained to linear argumentation. However, digital historical VREs are often focused on making resources available and mapping them (Robertson 2016), rather than to allowing historical debates. Is it possible to answer Hartog’s exploration by developing a VRE on a test case?To answer, the project MARK16 is using a test case anchored in New Testament studies, textual criticism (NTTC) and exegesis, a field that belongs to history, theology and literary studies. In 1994, Barth Ehrman described NTTC as the place to visualize the balance of power between winners and losers in Early Christianity. The chosen test case is Mark 16, one of the most famous enigmas in NTTC (Kelhoffer 2000, Black 2008). Depending on the manuscripts, Mark 16 presents a shorter or longer ending for Mark Gospel, with or without the apparitions of the resurrected Jesus. Long puzzled by the case, scholars sometimes advocate for a double canonical form (Focant, 2006).The NT exegesis has in the last twenty years developed diverse readings based on a clear acceptation of the shorter ending, putting aside historical inquiries about Mark 16. Meanwhile, NTTC has experience a diversification of the hypothesis (Black 2008) based on not only the classical defenses of the longer ending (Lunn 2014, Hester 2015) but also the impressive reconsideration of GA 01 and 03 evidence (Elliott 2008). This discrepancy between NT exegesis and NTTC state of the art invites to reconsider Mark 16, in particular from the point of view of the materiality of the manuscripts evidence and beyond the dichotomy imposed by the distinction between canonical/non-canonical texts: this point of view in particularly well illustrated by the Latin codex k in Mk 16. By building a Mark 16 VRE, the Principal Investigator (PI) is using all the digital potential to explore her own hypothesis : the key element to understanding what might have been erased from earlier Markan versions is the analysis of the disciples’ emotional reactions in front of Jesus’ apparitions. These can be expressed by diverse feelings, for example: fear (Mk 16 :8 ; Lk 24 :37 ; GosPe 57), grief (Mk 16 :10 ; GosPe 59), “unbelief of joy” (Lk 24 :41), or the laughing of the resurrected himself (Ap. Jas. 3.35-38). Sarah’s laughing and fear in LXX Gn 18 :15 belongs to Mk 16 cultural background, as well as trouble and sadness in LXX 45:3 (Iverson 2006). Exploring this hypothesis, the VRE MARK16 allows also users to discuss it and to produce their own hypothesis, by the creation of an “interpretation" section (part 2). It intends so to answer Hartog’s concern about the representation of diverse points of view in the historical inquiry. It is produced by the PI, a post-doc NT/DH, and a technical staff person: https://mark16.sib.swiss. Its other parts presents Mk 16 material and manuscripts necessary for its study (parts 1 and 3), as well as data vizualisation (part 4). Several peer-reviewed articles have been already published and two monographs are in preparation. MARK16 should foster decisively the field in development of the New Testament digital studies, supervised by a high-qualified advisory board and with international collaboration, notably with the NTVMR (Münster) and Pelagios (Exeter University).
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