European Union; differentiated integration; integration theory; European Economic Area; European integration; European law; flexible integration; Switzerland
Schimmelfennig Frank (2014), Differentiated Integration Before and After the Crisis, in Hobolt Sara, Cramme Olaf (ed.), Oxford University Press, Oxford, 120-134.
Rittberger Berthold, Leuffen Dirk, Schimmelfennig Frank (2014), Differentiated Integration of Core State Powers, in Genschel Philipp, Jachtenfuchs Markus (ed.), Oxford University Press, Oxford, 189-210.
Jenni Sabine (2014), Europeanization of Swiss Law-Making: Empirics and Rhetoric are Drifting Apart, in
Swiss Political Science Review, 20(2), 208-215.
Schimmelfennig Frank, Winzen Thomas (2014), Instrumental and Constitutional Differentiation in the European Union, in
Journal of Common Market Studies, 52(2), 354-370.
Winzen Thomas, Schimmelfennig Frank (2014), Vertragsentwicklung und Differenzierung in der europäischen Integration. Nationale Identität, staatliche Autonomie und die Entstehung einer Kern-Peripherie-Struktur in der europäischen Integration, in
Integration, 37(2), 138-151.
Jenni Sabine (2013), Direkte und indirekte Europäisierung der schweizerischen Bundesgesetzgebung, in
LeGes. Mitteilungsblatt der Schweizerischen Gesellschaft für Gesetzgebung (SGG) und der Schweizerisc, 24(2), 489-504.
Schimmelfennig Frank (2013), EU enlargement and differentiated integration: Discrimination or equal treatment?, in
Journal of European Public Policy, 21(5), 681-698.
Schimmelfennig Frank (2013), Switzerland's differentiated European integration - What can we learn from the study of Europeanization?, in
Swiss Political Science Review, 20(2), 255-258.
Holzinger Katharina, Schimmelfennig Frank (2012), Differentiated Integration in the European Union. Many Concepts, Sparse Theory, Few Data, in
Journal of European Public Policy, 19(2), 292-305.
Leuffen Dirk, Rittberger Berthold, Schimmelfennig Frank (2012),
Differentiated Integration. Explaining Variation in the European Union, Palgrave, Basingstoke.
Schimmelfennig Frank (2012), Is There a Widening-Loosening Trade-off in European Integration?, in
EUSA Review, 25(2), 2-3.
Schimmelfennig Frank, Leuffen Dirk, Rittberger Berthold, The European Union as a System of Differentiated Integration: Interdependence, Politicization, and Differentiation, in
Journal of European Public Policy.
Schimmelfennig Frank, Variable Geometrien. Differenzierung, Integration und Demokratie, in Kadelbach Stefan (ed.), 107-123.
The project seeks to describe and explain differentiated integration (DI) in the European Union. For more than a decade, DI has been debated as a likely development of the EU in the face of the progressive deepening and widening and as a way out of integration impasses. This debate, however, contrasts with a lack of empirical research and theoretical appreciation of the phenomenon. We therefore propose to build the first comprehensive dataset of differentiated integration in Europe. For the entire period from 1958 to 2009, and for all EU member states plus the “quasi-member states” of the European Economic Area plus Switzerland, we will scrutinize the primary and the relevant secondary law of the EU for rules with territorially differentiated validity. This dataset allows for a systematic descriptive analysis of trends as well as country- or policy-specific patterns of differentiated integration. In addition, we will conduct macro-quantitative analyses in order to explain the trends and patterns of differentiated integration. For this purpose, we first develop and then test conjectures drawing on rational-intergovernmentalist, constructivist, and institutionalist approaches to the theory of European integration.